Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, March 1932, The "Service Industries" chapter in this source breaks out wages paid to workers in hospitals, hotels, bowling alleys, theaters, parks, churches, country clubs, athletic clubs and yacht clubs, advertising agencies, banks, laundries, schools/colleges, and restaurants (making no distinction between waiters, cooks or bus boys). for rural households in the U.S. and selected foreign countries. Source: Lists minimum and maximum daily wages for male and female workers. Shows average annual expenditure for food, rent, clothing, and medical care per family member. Firedamp, described as the monster most dreaded by the practical miner, could explode if ignited by sparks or powder blasts, which would send fires raging through mine shafts with hurricane force. Shows dollar amount and % of total budget spent on various categories of goods and services, broken out by urban/rural families. Women's: Frank Keeney left no account of how he felt the day he entered the mine portal, but one imagines the dread that might have accompanied a ten-year-old boys first trip into the hole. by RACE Shows the wages of Japanese mining workers by gender and age. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. Living room: For best detail, see the full chapters on. Working in coal mines is dangerous miners have to deal with toxic . Wages are shown in both Chervonetz roubles and contemporary U.S. dollars. A good blast could bring down a ton or more of coal from the fractured face. Mentions the wages paid to both skilled and unskilled workers in francs. Data is broken out byoccupation, sex and district. From the Louisiana Department of Labor and Industrial Statistics Biennial Report for 1929-1930. Source: Monthly price list for Ralph's Grocery Company, which sold only in the Los Angeles area. Compares average retail prices for "warehoused" name brand grocery items at independent and chain stores in Cincinnati. Shows average wages (with and without board) by province. Scroll forward and back to see the various cities for which average food prices are available. Prices are shown in Hungarian crowns. Beds and mattresses, bedroom furniture, pillows, bedding. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Madrid, Spain. Shows wages by occupation grouped by industries, with breakouts for males and females. Shows police department salaries for cities over 100,000 population. If a man died in a mine, they quit work to honor him and to take up a collection for his surviving wife and children. Source: Hotel rates can often be found within the advertisements throughout the pages of the. along with the country of origin, value in that country, transportation charges, duty charges and retail price in the U.S. Includes a photo of most items. Source: Includes district-specific information and the average output of coal per person per shift. Shows firemen salaries for 25 American cities including New York City, Chicago, New Orleans, Indianapolis, Buffalo, Boston, Detroit, Cleveland, St. Louis, Kansas City and more. Shows prices by month and year. Taken from the 1921 U.S. Department of Agriculture Yearbook, starting on page 804. MERCHANDISE Separate listings forinspectors, police superintendents, captains, sergeants, privates, etc. This was the world Frank Keeney entered as a boy. Shows average public employee pay for each state. Hourly Rate. Source: U.S. BLS. Source: BLS, Shows the hourly and weekly earnings of industrial wages in Romanian leu. Use the following hyperlinks to see values for AL, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY. More passenger air fares from other sources: Household items: The survey covered 114 different cotton mills in 12 different state, and generally divides tables by occupation, sex, and year or occupation, sex, and state. Source: AAUP report, p. 162. Wages are shown in both Italian lire and contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. The lack of market for coal during the depression had stepped in to push aside both miners and operators as principals in collective bargaining. After checking in, they climbed up a steep trail from the office to the portal of a mine. Source: BLS, Shows prices of dozens of food and grocery items, soap, coal, wood by the cord, matches by the box and, Shows the amount spent by a typical Canadian family on food, laundry, fuel/lighting, and rent over time. Wages are shown in French francs. Covers New York City, New Jersey towns, Fall River MA, Cleveland, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and Portland OR. Read more Employment in coal mining industry in the United Kingdom (UK) 1920-2021 . Arranged by occupation and then by city and year. of Agriculture report. Source: The cost of living in twelve industrial cities, p. 63. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, no. A strong, skilled coal loader might fill five or more cars in a day. Telephones, radios, cameras, kitchen ranges, home electric appliances, record players, music records, sewing machines, fabrics, clothes washers, laundry supplies, vacuum sweepers. Every workday a panel of miners, ranging from fourteen to twenty-eight men, passed through a main entry and then turneddown a side entry. Created by Grove Atlantic and Electric Literature, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), A Novel of Putin's Russia That Got Its Writer Beaten Up, What Should You Read Next? The 1920 Montgomery Ward mail order catalog showed the price of. Shows the daily cost of food, heat, and light for a working family of 4 following independence. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Shows wages paid on American, Belgian, British, Danish, Dutch, French, Spanish and Swedish cargo ships, by occupations including seamen, engineers, first mates, second mates, radio operators, boatswains, firemen, coal passers, stewards, cooks, waiters, messmen, mess boys, carpenters, deck engineers, quartermasters, store keepers, donkey men, and more. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. 2-4. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of manual work occupations in Barcelona, Spain. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. By 1850, approximately half of Kanawha Countys slaves worked in the salt industrymany mined coal to fuel the furnaces. Source: Report of the Salary survey commission to the Pennsylvania General assembly, 1929. Sometimes they hired guards or brought in government troops to maintain order and control strikers. It was a dreadful experience Booker T. Washington never forgot. An increase in annual vacation pay was also stipulated.Wage Chronology: Bituminous . Source: BLS. Source: You may download a pdf version of the 1928, Hotel rates are shown in the advertisements in. Fearful of the danger, frightened by the blackest darkness he could imagine, and repelled by the coal dust that clung to him like a layer of skin, Washington vowed to get an education and rise out of the coal pits, just as he had risen up from slavery.. Even in a good week, there was unpaid work to perform: propping up newly opened rooms with wooden posts, laying track to his room, and lowering the floor of the main tunnel so loaded coal cars could pass through. Source: BLS, Shows the average wages for an 8 hour work day in Riga within various industry groups. Shows the "living wage" per week for different metropolitan areas of Australia. Also tells pay for court clerks and marshals. Salt operators eventually hired more white or free-black laborers due to the risk of investing money in bondsmen, who frequently were killed or injured in the mines. Using a thin iron needle about the thickness of a pencil, he shoved a cartridge of black powder into the hole and pushed a little clay into the hole with a damper; then he carefullywithdrew the needle and inserted a wick of waxed paper, a squib, that would burn down to the black powder. Shows prices for articles of clothing sold in 35 retailer shops in twelve cities. One task was to test for the build-up of flammable methane gas. Describes the labor policy of Canada in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Wages are shown in both US and English currency. Prices are shown in Mexican pesos. It also summarizes the years from 1907-1922. Source: Chicago Commission on Race Relations report. Former Timeline picture editor. This source lists actual salaries paid to administrators in various lines of business. Gasoline cost an average21.7 per gallon in 1929. Compares to national averages. In 1907, West Virginia appointed John Nugent as superintendent of immigration. Source: Bulletin #269 of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, "Farm Family Living Among White Owner and Tenant Operators in Wake County," pages 24-28. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. Source: U.S. Bureau of Education. Source: Shows wages by occupation in Belfast, Cork, Glasgow, Dundee, Cardiff, London, Manchester and more. Includes drug items, toilet items, and miscellaneous items. Source: 1934 Statistical Abstract of the United States. 2012-08-05 00:38:00. Shows salaries at the state, county and city levels. Use "search in this text" feature to navigate (or contact us for assistance). Prices are shown in Spanish pesetas. Heed no operators tale! Tables 6-13 show farm land prices by county in IA, MN, ND, ID, OH, KY, NC and TX. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Source: Quote: "I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment between the operation and the death of the patient." Source: National Education Association of the United States. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set Vol. Includes the states of RI, NJ, OH, DE, OK, MO, GA, TN, AR, KY, SC, AL and MS. All of these mines included a main entry, or portal, and a second tunnel, or monkey drift, which provided workers with ventilationa barely adequate suction through a surface grate created by a coal fire that burned all day. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages and hours of workers in 4 different industries in Madrid. Source: BLS. Shows weekly wages for male and female workers in common industries such as textile manufacture and mining, and also more uncommon like ice cream manufacture and hospitality services. Income statistics of full time professional women were published in study by the Association of Business and Professional Women. Source: This table provides average yearly wages per industry or trade type, including transportation, education and agriculture, among others. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Wages are in contemporary US dollars. An experienced miner would often work calmly under conditions that would terrify a novice, wrote a veteran of the bituminous mines. Coal operators often provided services like company stores. Owners claimed property rights and managerial entitlements over the workplace. Religious organizations -Salaries, 1929in. Without a match he walked, hands held in front of his body, until, by chance, someone found him and gave him a light. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Shows the average monthly wages of multiple occupation in the Alaskan fishing industry. Jump directly to prices for: meats and eggs, butter, cheese, milk, bread and flour, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, and more. See data considerations for explanation. Took into account additional sources of income for farm families, such as income derived from animals or investments. Discussion puts wage data in context with price levels which were definitely affected by the wars. Shows compensation for individualjudgeson the U.S. Supreme Court, circuit courts and district courts. The miners world was dark and dangerous. Wages are shown in both Hungarian gold crowns and contemporary U.S. dollars. This risk increased enormously when inexperienced miners failed to undercut the coal before blasting and took the risk of shooting on the solid.. With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. The wage data is broken out by sex. Meanwhile, his wife Mary operated the Nellis boarding house for foreign-born miners. Wiki User. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Source: "Income of Lawyers, 1929-1948" in the August 1949 issue of. Provides foreign wage data in native currency alongside the U.S. dollar equivalent to assist in comparing the rates. Report published in 1923 gives wages for Arkansas women by occupation and race. Before the 1920s most miners were independent contractors. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. Immigrants in southern West Virginia comprised some 25 nationalities, including Italians, Hungarians, Poles, Austrians and Russians. Tax covers both land and buildings. Compares wages in common industries such as building, engineering, shipbuilding, textiles, railway, agriculture, printing, and in pottery. Wages are shown in Belgian francs. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930), Shows the average wages of multiple occupation in the mining industry. Photographer + writer. Every three or four hundred feet, passageways were cut, creating narrower, corridor-like rooms that led to a coal face where each miner and his buddy worked in their own room. The colliers left large pillars of coal standing as they cut the face forward and sideways through breakthroughs that led to parallel rooms. Table 25 shows additional breakouts for skilled and white collar workers by region (. Prices shown in marks. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin #682, chapter 9: "Monthly earnings of professional engineers," pp. Government Documents Department, Ellis Library Source: Click "more" for direct links to each occupation. Wages are shown in both German marks and contemporary U.S. dollars. Appalachias traditionally small, locally owned mines started merging with larger energy firms in the 1960s, and by 1970 bituminous coal employment had dropped to 140,000 people from its 1923 peak of 740,000. Safety sign in eight languages, about 1910. Industrial home work was most common in clothing manufacturing and tobacco industries (rolling cigars, etc.) Published by the National Industrial Conference Board. A paid subscription is required for full access. Part of a section on Negro women's wages. Industries and occupations included are toilers, manufacturing, construction, mining, and more. MORE PRICES in the U.S. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933; Coal mining wages by state, 1923 Source: Miners' wages and the cost of coal: an inquiry into the wages system., pp. Source: 1930 Census of Agriculture. Source: Shows the average hourly wages for various occupation both in and outside of Paris. Mostly covers manufacturing industries (tobacco was prominent), but there is some data for women who worked in mercantile stores, 5-and10-cent stores, and in laundries. About half of the surveyed penal institutions gave prisoners some compensation, based on its use as incentive toward good work and better behavior, and to provide the convict with a small way to provide for his family. Describes the labor policy of Great Britain in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Boys labored inside, sorting coal by size and removing rock. Discusses household expenditures for electricity, and estimates the number of homes that had various electrical appliances (radios, refrigerators, irons, etc.) Green miners like Frank Keeney also learned that surviving underground required men to depend upon each other and to honor the wisdom of the most experienced men. The miners dressed in overalls, or bank clothes, for working the coal banks and wore cloth caps fitted with small oil lamps that lit their way in the tunnels. These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. Source: BLS. Each table is for a different New Zealand city. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for workers in different occupations in French coal mines. $180 - $5k. For example, a dollar earned in 2020 had the same buying power as 7 in 1928. Source: BLS Bulletins. The craftiness and deftness of the best colliers was most evident when they performed the riskiest task of all. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. He also absorbed the habits and traditions that gave pick and shovel miners a remarkable degree of freedom. Wages are shown in German marks. Unskilled labor hired by cities for construction, repair or cleaning of streets. BookTok is Good, Actually: On the Undersung Joys of a Vast and Multifarious Platform, Seven Crime Novels Centered Around Musicians Out in 2023, Arlington Road: The Conspiracy Thriller That Foresaw the Spread of Far-Right Extremism in America, If you want to laugh, watch this Mitchell and Webb sketch about inviting Shaggy and Scooby Doo to a party, Uncrackable: 5 Films Featuring Devilishly Difficult Heists. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. Recognizable name brand items in the price lists include Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Quaker Oats, Cream of Wheat, Hershey's Cocoa, Aunt Jemima Pancake Flour, Mazola Oil, Wesson Oil, Coleman's Mustard, Post Toasties, Morton's Salt, Knox Gelatin, Sun Maid Raisins, Palmolive soap, Log Cabin syrup, Del Monte canned goods, Heinz ketchup, Gold Medal flour, Carnation Milk, Life Savers candy, Bon Ami scouring powder, Lucky Strike cigarettes, Camel cigarettes, Scott Tissue toilet paper, and many other brand name items. Bicycles, binoculars, footballs & basketball supplies, ice skates, athletic gear, boxing, baseball, & tennis supplies, fishing tackle, camping gear, guns. Details the prices of appliances, furniture, and more household items on pp. Aboveground, many miners suffered at the hands of the company men who short-weighed tonnage a man had loaded or docked his pay because slate was found mixed in with the coal. Careless miners always fail. Then the men and boys would gather their tools and trudge down the mountainside to their little cabins to wash off the coal dust that smudged their faces, necks, arms, and hands, and to sit down for an evening meal. 358, Average hours and earnings by occupation and district. Wages shows in 1930 US dollars. His pictures also reflect a variegated experience in Appalachia, countering stereotypes by depicting middle-class miners, racial diversity, and community pride. Copy. Source: Lists costs of running a farm, including costs of power, labor, insurance, interest on loans, etc. Source: The cost of living among wage-earners, Cincinnati OH, pp. The failure of a mine boss to dampen the coal dust was the reason the Red Ash mine blew up in 1905, killing thirteen men and boys on Fire Creek. Also shows rowboat and pack horse rental rates, cost for guided tours, and transportation fares. Wages are shown in Italian lire. Occupations included are limited before 1916. Shows mining wages in Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Red Ash mine was also the location of a disaster in 1900, which killed forty-six miners. The mine operators assumed that if they paid a worker according to the number of tons he loaded, they would foster a competitive climate underground; and in a sense, the tonnage system worked this way. During the first three decades of the 20th century, African Americans comprised about 25 percent of all southern West Virginia miners. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis and contemporary US dollars. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. TRANSPORTATION Lists annual pay for individuals occupying administrative and supervisory positions in the executive and judicial branches. Shows the average daily wages of various occupations in Athens and Piraeus. PRICES in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, WAGES -- GENERAL SOURCES (all occupations and worker types), WAGES in AIRPLANE and AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING, 1920s. The correct use of explosives depended on the miners skill and knowledge of how to drill, how much powder to use, and how to damp a charge properly. Retreat mining required the rapid destruction of these pillars, each containing tons of valuable coal, before the mine collapsed. Rompers, night gowns, baby shoes, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Boys frequently were assigned the most-dangerous jobs.