It was turned into a concentration camp by its second commandant, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Josef Kramer, and was used to house those prisoners who had become too weak to work as forced labour in German factories. Marching in severe winter conditions and treated brutally by SS guards, thousands died during the march. The Executions of Nazi Stutthof camp SS female guards and kapos by former camp prisoners ThePastQuest 96K views 7 months ago Execution of Maria Masha Bruskina by nazi publicly hanging at. There she became known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her brutal beatings of prisoners. Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at the Stutthof concentration camp near what is now . 1. The Stutthof concentration camp in Poland. The Holocaust Encyclopedia estimates that (less officially) some 105 Stutthof subcamps were established throughout northern and central Poland. Six Polish prisoners, known as kapos, who oversaw forced labor within the camp. (17.10.2019). Detainees had to walk the long distance towards Germany as the Nazi Eastern Front crumbled. The well known Nuremberg Trials were only concerned with concentration camps as evidence for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by the Third Reich leadership. Many prisoners died in typhus epidemics that swept the camp in the winter of 1942 and again in 1944. They were publicly hanged before a large crowd, estimated at several thousand, at 5.00 p.m. on July 4th, 1946 at Biskupia Gorka hill near Danzig. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. She was known for whipping prisoners with her riding crop as she rode past and, according to some accounts, forcing them to have sex with her. [2], During the first trial held at Gdask from April 25, 1946, to May 31, 1946, the joint Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court tried and convicted of crimes against humanity a group of thirteen ex-officials and overseers of the Stutthof concentration camp in Sztutowo and its Bromberg-Ost subcamp for women located in the city of Bydgoszcz. [19][20][21], Historian Joachim Neander argued that, contrary to some claims made in the previous years, what the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) calls the "chemical substance which was essentially soap"[22] was the byproduct of Spanner's bone maceration processes done to create anatomical models at the Danzig Anatomical Institute, where he worked and which was not part of the Stutthof camp. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. The 99-year-old, who has not been identified, is thought to have worked as a guard at the Ravensbrck concentration camp between 1943 and 1945, authorities said. Stutthof concentration camps women forced labor death marches. I wish many more Nazis suffered the same fate. The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by barbed-wire fences. As I was lying on the ground she kept kicking. That same summer, Irmgard Furchner had begun working in the camp commander's headquarters as a shorthand typist. After evading capture for a few months, she was recognized and arrested in May 1945. Again, hundreds of prisoners were forced into the sea and shot. She earned a horrific legacy and nickname despite only working for a year. There were 3,000 guards at Stutthof concentration camp alone, and only 50 were convicted. As a Jewish boy from Germany, the young Goldberg had already been deported to Latvia before being sent to Stutthof for slave labour. The number of inmates increased considerably in 1944, with Jews forming a significant proportion of the newcomers. It was surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fences. [7][8] Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. It has been estimated that over 25,000 prisoners, one in two, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. DW sends out a daily selection of hard news and quality feature journalism. Follow me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theuntoldpastFollow me on Instagram: www.instagram.com/theuntoldpastDisclaimer: All opinions and comment stated below in the Comments section do not represent the opinion of TheUntoldPast. 1570: Aonio Paleario, Italian religious reformer 1947: Ding Mocun, not as hot a lay in real life. Between 25th April and 31th May before the Special Law Court at Danzig a trial was held against guards of the Stutthof Concentration Camp The accused were : 1. Rising to the rank of supervisor at 19, she also worked at Auschwitz and Belsen, where she was arrested by British forces in 1945. At Ravensbruck and Majdanek, Braunsteiner whipped women to death and was said to have thrown children by their hair onto trucks that took them to their deaths in gas chambers. Medycyna na usugach systemu eksterminacji ludnoci w Trzeciej Rzeszy i na terenach okupowanej Polski. Cut off by advancing Soviet forces the Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. Photo by Polish authorities (4 July 1946). It was liberated by the British army on April 15th, 1945. A report by the Seventh Army, written by Lieutenant Colonel Walter J. Fellenz, mentions a total of 17 guards killed. "Our group was marched out of Stutthof on 26 April. The perpetrators used these locations for a range of purposes, including forced labor, detention of people deemed to be "enemies of the state," and mass murder. Ackermann, who delivered the lamp, said that its base was made from a human foot and shinbone and the shade had tattoos and even nipples. At the subsequent trial, liberated prisoners said Grese - dubbed the Beautiful Beast - tortured prisoners both physically and emotionally and enjoyed shooting prisoners in cold blood. The Stutthof trials were a series of war crime tribunals held in postwar Poland for the prosecution of Stutthof concentration camp staff and officials, responsible for the murder of up to 85,000 prisoners during the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany in World War II. [1], The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by the barbed-wire fence. The first trial of Stutthof criminals took place in 1946 in Gdansk, with Barkmann standing trial alongside 13 other defendants: During the trial, Barkmann flirted with guards, obsessed over her hair, and inappropriately giggled at times. Thanks, Max the link is fixed in the entry now as well. 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TheUntoldPast has the right to delete any comment with this content inside it and also ban the user from the channel. It comprised eight barracks for the inmates and a "Kommandantur" for the SS guards, totaling 120,000 square metres (1,300,000sqft). Although young, he remembers becoming part of an indispensable group of 300 prisoners who spent a year repairing railway tracks at junctions blown up by Allied forces. PD-Polish Public Domain. (In Czech) In September 1939, the Nazis created the concentration camp of Stutthof (Sztutowo) in a wooded area near the Baltic port of Gdansk. you are right, they should have been soaked in gasoline and torched right before they were hanged. The area was secluded: to the north was the Bay of Danzig, to the east the Vistula Bay, and to the west the Vistula River. During the Second World War, there were a huge network of concentration camps established by the Third Reich. The 93-year-old faces 5,230 counts of accessory to murder. per adult (price varies by group size) Private transportation to the Stutthof Concentration Camp 4 hour. . She died in 1989. It has been estimated that around half of the evacuated prisoners, over 25,000, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. Feb. 5, 2021 Public prosecutors in Germany have indicted a 95-year-old woman for her role supporting the Nazi killing machinery as a secretary in a concentration camp, charging her with 10,000. The 92-year-old Israeli citizen traveled to Germany to give evidence in the trial of Bruno D., a former SS private accused of 5,230 counts of being an accessory to murder at Stutthof from 1944 to. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. It is also the last camp liberated by the Allies (May 10th 1945). As Soviet forces closed in on Stutthof in late April 1945, the Nazis decided to abandon the camp and sent the remaining inmates on a death march. In 2017, the prosecution of two former Stutthof camp guards from Borken and Wuppertal commenced. 1939). At the Auschwitz trial in Krakow, in 1947, Mandl was declared a war criminal and was executed by hanging on Jan. 24, 1948. His testimony is part of a court case against a 93-year-old former guard. The fourth and final trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from 19 November to 29 November 1947. In total, 23,566 Jews (including 21,817 women) were transferred to Stutthof from Auschwitz, and 25,053 (including 16,123 women) from camps in the Baltic states. Go and do the same, you BNP piece of sh-t. You are fucking FILTH! She committed suicide in 1967. The Stutthof concentration camp was established by Nazi Germany near the village of the same name, now called Sztutowo and located in Poland's Pomeranian Voivodeship, on 2nd September 1939. from. Other witnesses said she beat women to death with wooden sticks and shot at women who were too slow when carrying heavy containers of food. Sadistic Koch - known as the Witch of Buchenwald - was just one of many women who murdered, maimed and tortured Jewish prisoners in the Holocaust. Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. Stutthof was a concentration camp in an isolated, marshy, and forested region near the village of Stutthof east of Danzig. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. National Socialism was RIGHT and we will return and we will remember things like this, so lowlife like you had better beware.. It was not produced on an industrial scale, but still for utilitarian purpose, Soap made from human corpses Danzig Anatomical Institute, debunked rumours of industrial production of human soap in concentration camps, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps, "History of the concentration camp in Stuttfof", "Stutthof, the first Nazi concentration camp outside Germany", "Mennonites and the Holocaust: From Collaboration to Perpetuation", Datos de 295 Mujeres Pertenecientes a la SS: Christel Bankewitz, Stutthof, "Norske vakter jobbet i Hitlers konsentrasjonsleire", "PHASE II: THE GERMAN OCCUPATION OF ESTONIA IN 19411944", "Klooga Concentration Camp and Holocauts Memorial. Selection of monographs in PDF, Memorial to the Victims of the Stutthof Concentration Camp, Monografia KL Stutthof (KL Stutthof monograph), Zbrodnie hitlerowskie w obozie koncentracyjnym Stutthof: liczba ofiar w wietle rde i bada: prba bilansu, SS Main Economic and Administrative Office, International Youth Meeting Center in Owicim/Auschwitz, Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stutthof_concentration_camp&oldid=1141333869, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2018, Articles needing additional references from December 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles with Polish-language sources (pl), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Matzkau in Makowy (now within city limits of Gdask), This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 14:55. At her 1945 trial, survivor Dora Silverberg testified that Juana knocked her teeth out when she reported that her friend was very sick and couldnt walk to the working site because she was so weak. But as the war turned against the Germans, the camp was evacuated and thousands of prisoners were sent on a death march. SVIZZERA-LOTTO www. Due to the stark contrast between her physical attractiveness and her barbaric behavior, the prisoners dubbed her the Beautiful Spectre.. Bus Tours. Ilse also had a deadly fascination for tattoos and, at a later trial for war crimes, witnesses said she selected men with the best body art for slaughter - turning their skin into lampshades and book covers. 13 Amazing Photos of the Construction of the Empir. Set up immediately upon Germany's September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland and not liberated until after official German capitulation in 1945, Stutthoff handled over 100,000 prisoners during its long service. HAMBURG, Germany A German court on Thursday found a former Nazi SS camp guard guilty of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder and one case of accessory to attempted murder equal to the number. Originally, Stutthof was a civilian internment camp[6] under the Danzig police chief, before its subsequent massive expansion. Stutthof was the first Nazi concentration camp to be established on Polish soil, and the last to be dissolved, it grew from 4 to 120 hectares, from 250 prisoners to a maximum of 52,000 prisoners at one time, the SS staff and guards numbered 1,056 on 1 January 1945. Now 92, he vividly remembers the five camps and sub-camps of Stutthof that he was sent to. Quiz: How well do you know US presidents? RIDING through the grounds of Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany, Ilse Koch spotted a tattooed prisoner and pointed him out to a nearby guard - sealing his gruesome fate. However, he was tried in a juvenile court due to being about 17 at that time. Camp doctors also killed sick or injured prisoners in the infirmary with lethal injections. The womans face became swollen and blue.. A former SS guard at a concentration camp, charged with aiding and abetting hundreds of murders, is standing trial in Mnster's district court. This blog has been around for a while. View the list of all donors. [33] In February 2019 the trial of a defendant matching this description (whom Reuters reported could not be named for legal reasons) was halted after a medical report was issued stating that the defendant was unfit to stand trial, the trial already having been suspended since the previous December. [15] It is believed that inmates sent for immediate execution were not registered. He was also tried in juvenile court despite his age, because his crimes were committed when he was a minor. 1939: 250 Polish citizens and P.O.W. When the Allies tried the perpetrators of the Holocaust after the end of the war, the public was surprised by the beastly behavior of female guards like Irma Grese and Elisabeth Volkenrath, who often committed worse acts than their male counterparts. A much higher total was reported by Colonel Howard A. Buechner, the chief medical officer of the 45th Infantry Division, who was at the camp during and after the liberation. One witness said: I was working in the kitchen at Birkenau (Auschwitz) when I saw a woman, whose daughter was in an adjoining camp, go to the dividing wire in order to speak to her daughter. The event drew an immense crowd of approximately 200,000 people, and due to humanitarian concerns, authorities refrained from organizing further public executions. Nicknamed 'Beautiful Spectre', she was infamous for her brutal treatment of the prisoners. When she was 22, Barkmann began actively seeking work in the concentration camps. The death sentences were carried out on July 4, 1946 at the Biskupia Grka in Gdask, by short-drop hanging.[3]. Former Stutthof prisoners volunteered to serve as executioners for the public hanging on July 4, 1946. There were also Polish Jews from Warsaw and Bialystok, and Jews from forced-labor camps in the occupied Baltic states, which the Germans evacuated in 1944 as Soviet forces approached. Contents Tour to stutthof concentration camp Camp Staff Prisoners Conditions Arrested with Josef Kramer - the Beast of Belsen - Grese was sentenced to death by the British Military Court and, in December 1945, she was hanged. Arraigned 24 ex-officials and guards of the Stutthof concentration camp were judged and found guilty. "I was first in Stutthof in August '43 for close to a month and then two other [camps] before I returned at the end of 1944 for a second time," he told the BBC. (08.08.2019), One of the last trials against an ex-concentration camp guard began Thursday in Hamburg. The following gut-twisting images are among a number to be found here. The first trial was held from 25 April to 31 May 1946, against 30 ex-officials and prisoner-guards of the camp. A group of thirteen ex-officials of the Stutthof concentration camp were arraigned before a Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court at Gdansk, from April 25, 1946 to May 31, 1946. In early 1945 he survived a "death march" to the west after being freed by the Red Army. If convicted, he faces a possible six months to 10 years in prison. A crematorium and gas chamber[9] were added in 1943, just in time to start mass executions when Stutthof was included in the "Final Solution" in June 1944. All opinions and comments and dialogue should discuss the video above in a historical manner.TheUntoldPast does not accept any racism, profanity, insults, sexism or any negative discussion aimed at an individual. Read about our approach to external linking. The girl was later declared dead by camp doctors. The Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. [2], In 1953 the court in Gdask tried SS-man Bielawa (SS Rottenfhrer Paul Bielawa, a prisoner guard from the 3rd company in Stutthof between 194145)[1] and sentenced him to twelve years. She was also notorious for beating inmates unconscious, often with a rubber truncheon, and she once pushed an old lady down a flight of stairs, killing her instantly. The initiative for the foundation of SS companies dealing in building materials from concentration camps originated in 1937 with regional SS officials in Thuringia, especially the state's Interior Minister Hellmuth Gommlich []. . How healthy are India's 1.4 billion people? Luxury Car Tours. The camp was set up around existing structures after the invasion of Poland in World War II and initially used for the imprisonment of Polish leaders and intelligentsia. When Jenny Barkmann arrived in 1944, she quickly proved herself to be a perfect Nazi guard. It was also surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fence and contained thirty new barracks, raising the total area to 1.2 square kilometres (0.46sqmi). The major subcamps were in Toru (Thorn) and in Elblg (Elbing). Several lesser known trials followed against the staff of various concentration camps. Countless prisoners who were left too weak to work were simply murdered. Images in the news broadcasts concealed his face for legal reasons. Some 28,000 of those who died were Jews. Row of Barracks at Stutthof [2] Pauly was tried by the British for war crimes with thirteen others in the Curio Haus in Hamburg which was located in the British occupied sector of Germany. [7][18], There was a controversy regarding whether corpses from Stutthof were used in the production of soap made from human corpses at the lab of Professor Rudolf Spanner. In June 2022, a 101-year-old former guard at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (north of Berlin) was sentenced to five years in prison. It was also the last camp liberated by the Allies, on 9 May 1945. Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was. Any woman, even without work experience, could become a concentration camp guard. I PROMISE. Tragiczny los ydowskich winiarek z Baukomando Weichsel, "Ermittlungen gegen frheren KZ-Wachmann aus Wuppertal", "Holocaust trial: Germany tries former SS guard at Stutthof camp", "German court suspends trial of ex-SS death camp guard", "Prozess gegen frheren SS-Wachmann steht vor dem Aus", "Holocaust trial: Former Stutthof guard on trial in Germany", "Former Concentration Camp Guard Convicted in Germany", "Nazi Stutthof camp secretary flees as German trial starts", "Former Nazi camp secretary goes on trial over murders of 11,000 people", "Itzehoe: Ehemalige KZ-Sekretrin vor Prozessbeginn geflohen", "Imrgard Furchner: Nazi typist guilty of complicity in 10,505 murders", "97-year-old former Nazi secretary sentenced for involvement in more than 10,000 murders", Monografia KL Stutthof (KL Stutthof monograph), Execution of concentration camp guards at Biskupia Gorka, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stutthof_trials&oldid=1135657965, This page was last edited on 26 January 2023, at 01:03. As the war ended, Jenny Barkmann attempted to evade the Red Army under a false name in the besieged city of Gdansk. A 97-year-old former secretary to the SS commander of Nazi Germany's Stutthof concentration camp has been found guilty of being an accessory to 10,505 murders. had worked as a secretary at the Stutthof concentration camp was charged with . The prisoners were mainly non-Jewish Poles. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a network of forced-labor camps. Poland held four trials in Gdask against former guards and kapos of Stutthof, charging them with crimes of war and crimes against humanity. Procesy", "KARA MIERCI W GDASKU 19451987 Encyklopedia Gdaska". Subscribe to this by clicking this link:https://www.youtube.com/c/TheFortresssThanks for watching! a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of complicity in the murder of more than 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp located in occupied Poland. From Gdask bus station, board the number 870 bus marked either 'Sztutowo' or 'Krynica Morska' from Platform 2 (Note that the service varies on . The prosecution accuses her of participating in the murder of inmates in the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland, where she worked as a typist and secretary to the camp commander . The next three trials took place at the same court in October 831, 1947, November 510, and in November 1929 of that year. Barkmann, Paradies, Becker, Klaff, Steinhoff (left to right) executed Jenny-Wanda Barkmann (c.1922 - July 4, 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp guard. Such marches became common, as the Nazis sought to erase evidence of their crimes, and many of the detainees were killed as the war neared its end. Koryski told the court it "was no secret" that people were being killed in the camp's gas chamberbefore being burned, because of the smell that spread through the barracks.